Section I - Of Man & Beast & Sugar Cubes

Chapter I - Partners

Conventional training programs teach our horses that they should be ridden - that they should let us sit on their backs and point them where we want to go. But they don't teach them how to be ridden - how to carry us in balanced working gaits, how to half-halt and how to do correct transitions. A horse that doesn't know how to be ridden doesn't have the skills to succeed, and when he fails we compound our error by assuming he is 'resistant' or 'evasive' .

Poor basics will always lead to these words - 'resistance' and 'evasion'. They have so permeated the discussion of riding they are now a culture unto themselves. They turn our best friends and partners into our adversaries. They give us permission to blame the horse instead of looking for the flaw in the method. They allow us to believe we can solve problems with tighter nose bands, stronger bits or the latest device on the market, instead of forcing us to think we may not be training correctly. These words are so enticing - so effortless - they're addictive. They're used a million times a day with no more thought or reason than the chain smoker uses lighting up another cigarette.

When the words finally fail, as they must, and the frustration turns to anger and then fear, as it so often does, they are replaced with, "Maybe you need another horse." The cycle is complete - the relationship is totally destroyed; your best friend and partner is now a commodity on the market.

It doesn't have to be this way. If you think your horse is resistant and evasive, he's probably as confused and frustrated as you. He's certainly out of balance which makes him a little clumsy, stiff and uncomfortable. But, he's not resistant and he's not evasive. He needs to learn how to be ridden. He needs you to explain it to him.

Chapter II - Training

First you ask correctly, then you make correct, then you reward. This sentence describes the exercise reward cycle, the method by which all training is accomplished.

Chapter III - Learning

The exercise reward cycle describes how we present information but does not explain how a horse assimilates it. Practical observation indicates the learning process is more complex than the teaching process.

Chapter IV - Five Rules

Rule 1- No One Gets Hurt

"No one gets hurt", because there is no need for anyone to be hurt - ever. Hurt is pain and pain results in the instinctive behavior we are trying to avoid. However, we can use the horses manner of play to get past aggression and appeal to his intellect.

Rule 2 - Reward in Proportion

Reward is the only means by which the horse's intellect can be appealed to, and the only way the horse can decipher our intentions in a positive way. When the horse is rewarded correctly, he begins to rely on the rider to let him know if he is performing an exercise correctly. However, for the horse to accept reward and understand its significance, he must be taught about it. Reward is not as simple as it seems.

Rule 3 - Every Step Counts

Make every step the horse takes contribute to his development. When softness and relaxation are the top priority in training, precision, accuracy, free forward movement, engagement, cadence and impulsion will develop on their own.

Rule 4 - Correction, not Punishment

Correction says, "Do This", and ends in a reward. Punishment says, "Don't Do That!", and just ends. Correction comes from knowledge not frustration, is reasonable not emotional and deals with problems rather than symptoms.

Rule 5 - Take Your Time

A strongly ingrained notion of the equestrian culture is that corrections must be made immediately. The theory is that unless the horse is promptly punished for aberrant behavior, he will learn that he can, "get away with it", and forever be spoiled as a mount. Nonsense! Horses do not learn after only one or two repetitions of any behavior. Many repetitions followed by positive reinforcement are required. Otherwise, Grand Prix horses would be made in a week.